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Exodus 27:1-21

 

“And thou shalt make an altar of shittim wood, five cubits long, and five cubits broad; the altar shall be foursquare:  and the height thereof shall be three cubits. 2 And thou shalt make the horns of it upon the four corners thereof:  his horns shall be of the same:  and thou shalt overlay it with brass. 3 And thou shalt make his pans to receive his ashes, and his shovels, and his basons, and his fleshhooks, and his firepans:  all the vessels thereof thou shalt make of brass. 4 And thou shalt make for it a grate of network of brass; and upon the net shalt thou make four brazen rings in the four corners thereof. 5 And thou shalt put it under the compass of the alter beneath, that the net may be even to the midst of the alter. 6 And thou shalt make staves for the altar, staves of shittim wood, and overlay them with brass. 7 And the staves shall be put into rings, and the staves shall be upon the two sides of the altar, to bear it. 8 Hollow with boards shalt thou make it:  as it was shewed thee in the mount, so shall they make it. 9 And thou shalt make the court of the tabernacle:  for the south side southward, there shall be hangings for the court of fine twined linen of an hundred cubits long for one side: 10 and the twenty pillars thereof and their twenty sockets shall be of brass; the hooks of the pillars and their fillets shall be of silver. 11 And likewise for the north side in length there shall be hangings of an hundred cubits long, and his twenty pillars and their twenty sockets of brass; the hooks of the pillars and their fillets of silver. 12 And for the breadth of the court on the west side shall be hangings of fifty cubits:  their pillars ten, and their sockets ten. 13 And the breadth of the court on the east side eastward shall be fifty cubits. 14 The hangings of one side of the gate shall be fifteen cubits:  their pillars three, and their sockets three. 15 And on the other side shall be hangings fifteen cubits:  their pillars three, and their sockets three. 16 And for the gate of the court shall be an hanging of twenty cubits, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen, wrought with needlework:  and their pillars shall be four, and their sockets four. 17 And the pillars round about the court shall be filleted with silver; and their sockets of brass. 18 The length of the court shall be an hundred cubits, and the breadth fifty everywhere, and the height five cubits of fine twined linen, and their sockets of brass. 19 All the vessels of the tabernacle in all the service thereof, and all the pins thereof, and all the pins [margin: nails or stakes] of the court, shall be of brass. 20 And thou shalt command the children of Israel, that they bring thee pure oil olive beaten [Hebrew: “cold pressed”] for the light, to caused the lamp to burn always. 21 In the tabernacle of the congregation without the vail, which is before the testimony, Aaron and his sons shall order it from evening to morning before the LORD:  it shall be a statute for ever unto their generations on the behalf of the children of Israel.” 

 

Introduction

 

[Audio version: https://resources.ccphilly.org/detail.asp?TopicID=&Teaching=WED560]

 

“We have journeyed through a description of the gathering of the materials, the making of the Ark of the Covenant, the Mercy Seat, the lid, the Table of Showbread, the Menorah, the Lampstand, a description of the Tabernacle itself, the Tent, it’s length, it’s height, it’s width, the different coverings that were involved, the gold pieces and the vail then that was woven to separate the Holy of Holies from the Holy Place.  And in chapter 27 we come to a further description now of some of those things that we found in the Court of the Tabernacle.  It begins by giving us a description of the Alter. 

 

The Altar of God, And What It Means To Us

 

It says in chapter 27, verse 1, “And thou shalt make an altar of shittim wood, five cubits long, and five cubits broad; the altar shall be foursquare:  and the height thereof shall be three cubits.”  Four and a half foot high, seven and a half foot wide.  “And thou shalt make the horns of it upon the four corners thereof:  his horns shall be of the same:  and thou shalt overlay it with brass.  And thou shalt make his pans to receive his ashes, and his shovels, and his basons, and his fleshhooks, and his firepans:  all the vessels thereof thou shalt make of brass.  And thou shalt make for it a grate of network of brass; and upon the net shalt thou make four brazen rings in the four corners thereof.  And thou shalt put it under the compass” the rim “of the alter beneath, that the net may be even to the midst of the alter.” (verses 2-5) half way down.  So we have this description of an altar now that was to be built.  The altar was to be covered with brass, brass a picture of judgment.  And specifically because of that, because the altar is made of brass, it is acacia wood overlaid with brass, it’s hollow in the middle, it’s going to say that a little further down, it is seven and a half foot across in each direction, it has a rim around the top, it’s four and a half foot high, and halfway down, inside the altar was this grate made of brass that no doubt the sacrifices would be laid on with the fire underneath so that they would burn.  And this is a picture that Moses is seeing the reality of these things in heaven [what he means, is that Moses is seeing these things in vision that are in heaven.  Moses was on the top of the mount with Yahweh, God, not in heaven.  It will actually state that Moses is seeing these thing on the mount, and that they are visions of what is in Heaven, at God’s throne up there].  You know, we look at it and we think ‘How many hundreds of thousands of sacrifices were sacrificed there, how many unimaginable gallons of blood where poured out at the foot of this altar, how many times was the picture of Christ and him crucified played out over and over and over and over and over?’  As we look at these scenes, remember, Moses is standing in heaven [in vision on the mount] 40 days and 40 nights, and God is giving him the description and all of the details as he’s looking at the heavenly model.  We see an earthly model of the realities that he saw in heaven [on the mount, obviously in vision, because nowhere in this set of verses does it say Moses was in heaven, but it does state he ‘was on the mount with God.’]  And it’s interesting that this brass altar is the first thing you encountered when you came into the Courtyard of the Tabernacle.  There was no entrance without sacrifice, there was no coming to worship the LORD without the shedding of blood, and of course it’s interesting, it was on the east side, which was the tribe of Judah, there was no entering the Tabernacle, to approach the alter except through the tribe of Judah.  [And Judah is the first out of all the 12 tribes of Israel (Judah and Levi having been mixed together after the fall of Jerusalem) to have come back to the Promised Land, establishing the nation called Israel in 1948.  The rest of the tribes of Israel will return after the 2nd coming of Jesus Christ, when he will gather them back.  They’ve been lost historically, but God knows who they are as nations, and where they are.]  Isn’t that interesting?  That Christ would come from the tribe of Judah, and anyone who came in to the Tabernacle had to come through the tribe of Judah to come and to sacrifice and to worship.  So we have this interesting picture here of this altar where this blood is shed.  Now this is something certainly the New Agers don’t go for this, the politically correct don’t go for this, people who want us to all be part of one happy religion, they have no altar.  For you and I, we have an altar, we have a cross, we have a place where sin was borne, where sin was paid for, we have a place where the wrath of God was satisfied, we have hope because of this.  You and I sitting here this evening believe that a substitute named Jesus Christ [Yeshua haMeschiach] died in our place, that he bore the sin of the world, and that the wrath of the Father came upon him, and because of that we will escape the judgment of hell.  And we will be accepted into the arms of our heavenly Father because of the payment of his Son.  And that’s a wonderful thing, I don’t care if it’s politically correct, I don’t care what the rest of the world says, I’m looking forward to heaven [the Kingdom of Heaven] because Jesus, my Saviour, died in my place, and I’m not ashamed of that.  And I’m not going to stop talking about that, and that’s what I’m looking forward to, and that’s the only reason that I’m getting into heaven [into the Kingdom of Heaven, which will end up on earth, cf. Revelation chapters 19-20, Zechariah 14:1-15 & Revelation 21:1-23].  And this altar was central to the worship that took place there, this altar.  And probably unimaginable to us what some of that experience was like for the worshipper.  And we’ll see more of that as we go on.  It was overlaid with brass, “And thou shalt make staves for the altar, staves of shittim wood, and overlay them with brass.  And the staves shall be put into rings, and the staves shall be upon the two sides of the altar, to bear it.” (verses 6-7)  these poles overlaid with brass, made of acacia wood, “Hollow with boards shalt thou make it:  as it was shewed thee in the mount, so shall they make it.” (verse 8)  ok, it’s to be hollow on the inside, made of acacia wood, with boards shalt thou make it, “as it was shewed thee in the mount, so shall they make it.” (verse 8b)  [See, the Scripture says “in the mount,” not in heaven.  He was being shown in vision what it looked like in heaven.] 

 

The Courtyard Of The Tabernacle

 

“And thou shalt make the court of the tabernacle:  for the south side southward, there shall be hangings for the court of fine twined linen of an hundred cubits long for one side:” (verse 9)  We got the picture of the altar, now the Courtyard that’s entered [to get to the alter].  So the south side it says, and the north side, because it faces east and west, the back side’s towards the west, the opening is towards the east of the Tabernacle, the north and south sides are long, they’re 100 cubits long, that’s 150 foot, if a cubit is 18 inches, a foot and a half.  So it’s going to give us this description.  “and the twenty pillars thereof and their twenty sockets shall be of brass; the hooks of the pillars and their fillets shall be of silver.” (verse 10)  King James says “fillets,” they’re bands.  “And likewise for the north side in length there shall be hangings of an hundred cubits long, and his twenty pillars and their twenty sockets of brass; the hooks of the pillars and their fillets of silver.” (verse 11)  So, north and south sides, 150 foot long, 20 pillars it seems of brass, set in sockets of brass, but there are bands of silver around those pillars, and hooks on the bands of silver, that would attached to the hangings that would go along, made of fine linen on both sides.  And it’s seven and a half foot tall, it’s high enough that people outside really can’t see in, but it’s low enough that the Tabernacle, which is twice that height, is seen no doubt sticking out above it, and no doubt the fire from the altar is seen, and of course on top of the whole scene is the pillar of cloud in day and the pillar of fire at night.  So it’s a remarkable structure, and it reflects so much of heaven that Moses is seeing in reality [in vision].  Verse 12 says “And for the breadth of the court on the west side shall be hangings of fifty cubits:  their pillars ten, and their sockets ten.”  So it’s 75 foot wide, 150 foot long, their pillars ten, and their sockets ten, “And the breadth of the court on the east side eastward shall be fifty cubits.  The hangings of one side of the gate shall be fifteen cubits:  their pillars three, and their sockets three.  And on the other side shall be hangings fifteen cubits:  their pillars three, and their sockets three.” (verse 13-15)  I’m reading this fast because I know, immediately in your mind, the picture’s coming together, the schematic is right there.  What is says, is on the east side there are twenty-two and a half, pretend you’re looking on the east side, ok, 22 and a half foot on this side, of pillars and curtains, 22 and a half on that side of pillars and curtains, which leaves 30 foot across the middle, approximately, which is actually the door to the Court, where you enter into the Court itself.  So on the west then, it’s a straight curtain, there’s no entrance, only on the east end.  So it gives us the measure on either side, and it leaves a certain distance in the middle, which is about 30 feet, where they enter in to the Tabernacle [Courtyard].  So, verse 16, “And for the gate of the court shall be an hanging of twenty cubits,” now that’s 30 feet,of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen, wrought with needlework:  and their pillars shall be four, and their sockets four.  And the pillars round about the court shall be filleted [banded] with silver; and their sockets of brass.” (verses 16-17)  So there will be the door of the gate of the Court of the Tabernacle, seemingly when it’s closed it will be of blue and purple and scarlet, those things are opened up when the Tabernacle is in ministration.  Verse 18 says “The length of the court shall be an hundred cubits, and the breadth fifty everywhere, and the height five cubits of fine twined linen, and their sockets of brass.”  the length 150 foot, the breadth, width 75 foot, and the height 7.5 foot high, their sockets of brass, that hold it all up.  “All the vessels of the tabernacle in all the service thereof, and all the pins thereof, and all the pins [margin: nails or stakes] of the court, shall be of brass.” (verse 19) the pins are like tent pegs that will hold down these pieces.  “And thou shalt command the children of Israel, that they bring thee pure oil olive beaten [Hebrew: “cold pressed”] for the light, to caused the lamp to burn always.” (verse 20)  Now King James says “beaten,” the Hebrew is really “pressed,” in contrast to crushed, this would be like a first cold-pressed, the seeds of the olives, the pits not being crushed, it is a very gentle pressing of the olives so the finest oil runs off without a lot of other things, it’s pure, it burns brighter, it makes less smoke.  And specifically God is telling them bring the pure olive oil, pressed or beaten, not crushed for the light to cause the lamp, the menorah to burn always, no natural light, it was supplied with oil, a picture of the Spirit.  “In the tabernacle of the congregation without the vail, which is before the testimony, Aaron and his sons shall order it from evening to morning before the LORD:  it shall be a statute for ever unto their generations on the behalf of the children of Israel.” (verse 21)  So kind of, we’re finishing up the description of the Tabernacle, the Court itself.                       

 

Exodus 28:1-43

 

“And take thou unto thee Aaron thy brother, and his sons with him, from among the children of Israel, that he may minister unto me in the priest’s office, even Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar, Aaron’s sons. 2 And thou shalt make holy garments for Aaron thy brother for glory and for beauty. 3 And thou shalt speak unto all that are wise hearted, whom I have filled with the spirit of wisdom, that they may make Aaron’s garments to consecrate him, that he may minister unto me in the priest’s office. 4 And these are the garments which they shall make; a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a broidered coat, a mitre, and a girdle:  and they shall make holy garments for Aaron thy brother, and his sons, that he may minister unto me in the priest’s office. 5 And they shall take gold, and blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine linen. 6 And they shall make the ephod of gold, of blue, and of purple, of scarlet, and fine twined linen, with cunning work. 7 It shall have the two shoulderpieces thereof joined at the two edges thereof; and so it shall be joined together. 8 And the curious [or embroidered] girdle of the ephod, which is upon it, shall be of the same, according to the work thereof; even of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen. 9 And thou shalt take two onyx stones [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onyx ], and grave on them the names of the children of Israel: 10 six of their names on one stone, and the other six names of the rest on the other stone, according to their birth. 11 With the work of an engraver in stone, like the engravings of a signet, shalt thou engrave the two stones with the names of the children of Israel:  thou shalt make them to be set in ouches of gold. 12 And thou shalt put the two stones upon the shoulders of the ephod for stones of memorial unto the children of Israel:  and Aaron shall bear their names before the LORD upon his two shoulders for a memorial. 13 And thou shalt make ouches of gold; 14 and two chains of pure gold at the ends; of wreathen work shalt thou make them, and fasten the wreathen chains to the ouches. 15 And thou shalt make the breastplate of judgment with cunning work; after the work of the ephod thou shalt make it; of gold, of blue, and of purple, and of scarlet, and of fine twined linen, shalt thou make it. 16 Foursquare it shall be being doubled; a span shall be the length thereof, and a span shall be the breadth thereof. 17 And thou shalt set in it settings of stones, even four rows of stones:  the first row shall be a sardius, a topaz, and a carbuncle:  this shall be the first row. 18 And the second row shall be an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond. 19 And the third row a ligure [thought to be yellow jacinth], an agate [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agate], and an amethyst. 20 And the fourth row a beryl, and an onyx, and a jasper:  they shall be set in gold in their inclosings. 21 And the stones shall be with the names of the children of Israel, twelve, according to their names, like the engravings of a signet; every one with his name shall they be according to the twelve tribes. 22 And thou shalt make upon the breastplate chains at the ends of wreathen work of pure gold. 23 And thou shalt make upon the breastplate two rings of gold, and shalt put the two rings on the two ends of the breastplate. 24 And thou shalt put the two wreathen chains of gold in the two rings which are on the ends of the breastplate. 25 And the other two ends of the two wreathen chains thou shalt fasten in the two ouches, and put them on the shoulderpieces of the ephod before it. 26 And thou shalt make two rings of gold, and thou shalt put them upon the two ends of the breastplate in the border thereof, which is in the side of the ephod inward. 27 And two other rings of gold thou shalt make, and shalt put them on the two sides of the ephod underneath, toward the forepart thereof, over against the other coupling thereof, above the curious girdle of the ephod. 28 And they shall bind the breastplate by the rings thereof unto the rings of the ephod with a lace of blue, that it may be above the curious girdle of the ephod, and that the breastplate be not loosed from the ephod. 29 And Aaron shall bear the names of the children of Israel in the breastplate of judgment upon his heart, when he goeth in unto the holy place, for a memorial before the LORD continually. 30 And thou shalt put in the breastplate of judgment the Urim and the Thummim; and they shall be upon Aaron’s heart, when he goeth in before the LORD:  and Aaron shall bear the judgment of the children of Israel upon his heart before the LORD continually. 31 And thou shalt make the robe of the ephod all of blue. 32 And there shall be an hole in the top of it, in the midst thereof:  it shall have a binding of woven work round about the hole of it, as it were the hole of an habergeon, that it be not rent. 33 And beneath upon the hem of it thou shalt make pomegranates of blue, and of purple, and of scarlet, round about the hem thereof; and bells of gold between them round about: 34 A golden bell and a pomegranate, a golden bell and a pomegranate, upon the hem of the robe round about. 35 And it shall be upon Aaron to minister:  and his sound shall be heard when he goeth in unto the holy place before the LORD, and when he cometh out, that he die not. 36 And thou shalt make a plate of pure gold, and grave upon it, like the engravings of a signet, HOLINESS TO THE LORD. 37 And thou shalt put it on a blue lace, that it may be upon the mitre; upon the forefront of the mitre it shall be. 38 And it shall be upon Aaron’s forehead, that Aaron may bear the iniquity of the holy things, which the children of Israel shall hallow in all their holy gifts; and it shall be always upon his forehead, that they may be accepted before the LORD. 39 And thou shalt embroider the coat of fine linen, and thou shalt make the mitre of fine linen, and thou shalt make the girdle of needlework. 40 And for Aaron’s sons thou shalt make coats, and thou shalt make for them girdles, and bonnets shalt thou make for them, for glory and for beauty. 41 And thou shalt put them upon Aaron thy brother, and his sons with him; and shalt anoint them, and consecrate them, and sanctify them, that they may minister unto me in the priest’s office. 42 And thou shalt make them linen breeches to cover their nakedness; from the loins even unto the thighs they shall reach: 43 and they shall be upon Aaron, and upon his sons, when they come in unto the tabernacle of the congregation, or when they come near unto the altar to minister in the holy place; that they bear not iniquity, and die:  it shall be a statute for ever unto him and his seed after him.”

 

Aaron, And We, Are Consecrated, Set Aside For The LORD

 

“Chapter 28 brings us to a description of the priest’s clothing, and chapter 29 is going to talk to us about the consecration of the priests.  Peter will say this, “Ye also are living stones, you are built up a spiritual house, a holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God by Jesus Christ.”  Again, Peter in his 1st epistle, chapter 2 says “But you are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a peculiar people,” I’ll say, huh, but it means something different in the Greek, “a peculiar people, that ye should show forth the praises of him that hath called you out of darkness into his marvelous light.”  So we have, in a sense, a ministry, all of us, New Testament, able ministers of the New Testament, a ministry, a priesthood, we are ministering to the lost world on behalf of God, and we are a priesthood in that sense, Christ himself being the High Priest.  Us being filled with the Spirit of Christ, being conformed into his image and likeness, so we’re a royal priesthood.  So there are things in here, certainly, that reflect practical spirituality related to us.  But the ultimate picture no doubt is of Jesus Christ, the High Priest as it were.  But, men, husbands, we’re to be high priests in our homes, we’re to set the standard and not let it lower, we’re the ones who are to take the stand, to decide that there is a Biblical standard in child-raising and marriage and what we do in our homes, our approach.  Our nation is desperately, desperately in need of fathers.  There is an entire generation, if they don’t get saved, this world we live in is going to be in a heap of trouble, because their heroes are everybody but who they should be, because they had no fathers, and there’s too many of them like that.  And we hope that their deepest hunger they’re going to discover is in their Father in heaven, and how remarkable sometimes that is when we see redemption in their lives.  But there are pictures here for us, this is a reflection of something Moses has seen the reality of in heaven [not him in heaven, but he saw a vision of it in heaven, he never left the mount].  And it’s not just written down in a trite of cavalier method, God with great details records these things and sets them before us.  Chapter 28, “And take thou unto thee Aaron thy brother, and his sons with him, from among the children of Israel, that he may minister” please notice this, “unto me in the priest’s office, even Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar, Aaron’s sons.  And thou shalt make holy garments for Aaron thy brother for glory and for beauty.” (verses 1-2)  King James says “for glory and beauty.”  The Hebrew says “for honour and beauty.”  “And thou shalt speak unto all that are wise hearted, whom I have filled with the spirit of wisdom, that they may make Aaron’s garments to consecrate him, that he may minister unto me in the priest’s office.” (verse 3)  Now verse 3, God tells us the reason that they’re wise hearted is because he himself has filled them with the spirit of wisdom.  So we’re talking about Spirit-filled tailors.  Notice, “that he minister unto me in the priest’s office.”  Now this is going to be remarkable as follow this down.  Aaron and his sons, what grace is being extended.  Moses is on the mountain [there you have it, not in heaven].  God is showing him the type.  Down below, the people have come to Aaron and said ‘As for this Moses, we don’t’ Edward G. Robinson is right in the middle of this saying ‘Where is Moses?  Where is he?  Make us gods, make us gods,’ and Aaron said ‘Alright, bring me all your ear rings, bring me all your gold,’ this is what’s happening down below.  And Aaron’s going to make a gold calf, and say ‘Here is thy god, worship this golden calf as a representative of Jehovah,’ and he’s gonna have the guts to tell Moses ‘I’m as surprised as you are, I threw the gold in the fire and this calf jumped out,’ and Moses said ‘Don’t even tell me!’  But as God is speaking to Moses ‘This is the way I want Aaron to be adorned, I want you to set him aside,’ he’s down below sinning, ‘I want you to set him aside,’ his sons Nadab and Abihu, who are going to get “fired,” literally in Leviticus chapter 10, they get burned up.  Eleazar, who will take the priesthood and Ithamar his brother, there’s so much grace here that it’s amazing.  It tells us in Hebrews that it was necessary for the high priest first to offer sacrifices for himself, before he offered for the people.  By the time Aaron takes his office, he will be keenly aware that the only ground he stands on is blood-soaked ground, that he has no right to any of it, that he had led the nation into idolatry, over 20,000 of them had perished because he collaborated with them in their sin.  And God will take this failing man, keenly aware of his failings, and put him in a key position in the nation, that he might be consecrated.  Now we’re going to hear that word through here, that is a Hebrew word that means to be “placed in the hands,” “to fill the hands.”  If you have a consecrated life tonight, it is a life that has filled the hands of Jesus, you’ve given your life into his hands, that’s a consecrated life.  We’re going to hear the word “sanctified,” which means “holy, to set aside,” a life that’s set aside is a sanctified life.  A life that’s consecrated is a life that’s given wholly into the hands of God.  Aaron, Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, Ithamar, unbelievable, unbelievable, unbelievable.  More unbelievable than that, is me sitting here.  Don’t laugh at that, and you sitting there, washed in the blood, allowed to minister unto our Lord, a royal priesthood, able ministers of the New Testament.  And isn’t it interesting, twice it says in the first three verses, “to minister unto me.”  And you know, I’m so thick-headed, you don’t know that, but my wife would collaborate that, I’m so dense.  It’s one of my gifts, she’s emotional, she goes this way, I just plough along like an ox, I bring stability because of my thickness and my dullness.  But I constantly need to be reminded, I need to minister to him before I can minister to anybody else.  You know, Spurgeon said “Let me see the face of Jesus before I behold the face of man.”  To begin our day, not devotions [Calvary Chapel calls “devotions” what some of us call “Prayer & Bible study.”  I prefer the latter, being more literal minded], not, I like that because I know what it is, I don’t like it because of the “s,” because the key is devotion, not devotions.  You know, devotions, do we do that like half hour every morning [we were taught in the Sabbath-keeping Church of God I came out of to try to do an hour of Bible study and an hour of prayer a day, but if that’s not possible, try for a half hour of each.]  You know, I’m supposed to be devoted to my wife.  If I talk to her a half hour every morning and then say ‘See you honey.  Sorry, we had devotions this morning, we’ll talk again tonight, if not, once a day devotions, I’ll talk to you tomorrow again.’  It’s devotion, devotions have to be a reflection of devotion, a devoted life, that we would have devotion.  And if there’s devotion, separation, for any of us, if you love Jesus with all of your heart, you’re separated unto, not separated from.  People who are looking at what they have to give up for Jesus haven’t seen Jesus yet.  If you’re looking out saying ‘I need to give this up, and give that up,’ you haven’t turned around in the right direction, you need to see him, and see him in his glory, and see what he’s given us, of his grace and his forgiveness, of heaven.  You’re trading away a Hyundai so you can get a Rolls Royce and you’re complaining?  [sorry, Pastor Joe, but I was a transmission rebuilder and mechanic, when it comes to repairs and complexity of maintenance between a Rolls and Hyundai, I’ll take the Hyundai 😊, better gas mileage and easier to repair.  Choose another analogy.]  You’re trading away a pup tent so you can move into a mansion, what are you giving up?  I don’t want to hear about it, ‘Oh it’s such a sacrifice to follow Jesus,’ please cut me a break.  It’s such a sacrifice to have you follow Jesus, that was the sacrifice, it was made on heaven’s end, and willingly.  And when we really see Jesus, separation is easy, because it’s what we’re separated unto, not what we’re separated from.  I look at people again that are dating, they walk in with the same shirts and the same shorts and you think ‘Oh man, they’re in trouble.’  But there’s no problem there, you know their old friends are saying ‘We don’t see you anymore, all you do is spend time with her,’ it’s no sacrifice on their part to spend time with the person they’re in love with.  All their other friends know they’ve lost their minds.  But that’s devotion, that’s separation, that’s not a labour when you’re in love.  And when we’re in love with Christ, what else in this world outshines him?  We don’t have to [have the attitude] ‘I have to give this up to be a Christian,’ let me tell you something, I want to get rid of the things that would bother him.  There are things that are permissible, certainly, that are not expedient, you know.  When you run a race, you look at the guys, they got those suits now that are so tight they don’t even get resistance from air, they don’t run in jeans with great big pockets and stuff jammed in their pockets, and hoodies on and Timberline boots, you could run like that, I mean, you just wouldn’t be as fast, you know, you want to trim down and I think, when we love him, we want to trim down and get rid of all that stuff.  When I come to him in the morning or at the end of the day, I want to know ‘Lord, I haven’t been a reproach, I haven’t done anything that’s disappointed you.’  It doesn’t have anything to do with my salvation, I’m saved by grace, I’m justified, sanctified and glorified, but in my relationship with him, which is real to me, I say ‘Lord, forgive me, I never want to be a reproach, I want to do this the right way, I want to be consecrated, I want your hands to be filled with my life.’  And for me to be effective anywhere else, I have to first be ministering to him.  And it says it here twice, “that he may minister unto me in the priest’s office.” verse 1, that is before he ministers to the people, and again in verse 3, “that they may make Aaron’s garments to consecrate him, that he may minister unto me in the priest’s office.”   

 

The High Priest’s Garments

 

Now, these are the garments, he just said, I want you to be Spirit filled, I filled some of the men with the Holy Ghost so they could be craftsmen to make these things, like no clothing that anyone’s ever seen before, because it’s going to kind of reflect something in heaven, “And these are the garments which they shall make; a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a broidered coat, a mitre, and a girdle:  and they shall make holy garments for Aaron thy brother, and his sons, that he may minister unto me in the priest’s office.” (verse 4)  ‘Wait a minute Joe, I don’t need a girdle.’   The breastplate we’re going to talk about is an embroidered piece of fine woven linen of different colours, with twelve stones on it set in gold sockets or fittings.  The ephod has a front and a back that comes to the waist, it doesn’t have any arms, it’s joined at the shoulders, that would just pull over, that would be under the breastplate.  [It’s like a vest that the breastplate is fastened to.]  The robe, probably was ankle-length, and that was under what he calls here the broidered coat, which was probably just below the knees.  The mitre is a turban and it has a golden plate on the front of it that goes on the head, and the girdle is a wide belt, a sash that would go around the waist.  So, we’re going to get the description of these things.  “And they shall take gold, and blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine linen.  And they shall make the ephod of gold, of blue, and of purple, of scarlet, and fine twined linen, with cunning work.” (verses 5-6)  We don’t have the exact picture here, no doubt Moses communicated what he saw.  “It shall have the two shoulderpieces thereof joined at the two edges thereof; and so it shall be joined together.” (verse 7)  So it’s a piece on the front and a piece on the back, and it’s joined at the shoulder.  It says, “And the curious [or embroidered] girdle of the ephod, which is upon it, shall be of the same, according to the work thereof; even of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen.  And thou shalt take two onyx stones [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onyx ], and grave on them the names of the children of Israel:  six of their names on one stone, and the other six names of the rest on the other stone, according to their birth.” (verses 8-10)  Now these are not onyx stones the way we know onyx stones.  So what it says is the ephod, this front piece of cloth, back piece of cloth, is going to be joined at the shoulder, and at the shoulder there’s going to be these two big gold fittings with onyx stones that are sitting in them, and onyx here, the Hebrew words seems to be pointing at something that is bright green, like two huge emeralds.  And on one side you’re going to have, on the onyx stone itself, the names of six of the tribes of Israel, and the other stone you have the other six, named.  And they’re written down according to birth, from Reuben downward to Benjamin, and the priest would be bearing them, a picture of Christ no doubt, with our names, our lives, he bore on his shoulder as he bore the cross, there’s a bearing, a picture, a bearing up of his people.  And it’s written, their names according to their birth, “With the work of an engraver in stone, like the engravings of a signet, shalt thou engrave the two stones with the names of the children of Israel:  thou shalt make them to be set in ouches of gold.” (verse 11)  “ouches” which are “settings of gold.”  “And thou shalt put the two stones upon the shoulders of the ephod for stones of memorial unto the children of Israel:  and Aaron shall bear their names before the LORD upon his two shoulders for a memorial.  And thou shalt make ouches of gold; and two chains of pure gold at the ends; of wreathen work shalt thou make them, and fasten the wreathen chains to the ouches.” (verses 12-14)  So the settings are set with the two pieces of cloth on the shoulders, with a wreathen work of gold chains that hold the whole thing together, and it says “And thou shalt make the breastplate of judgment with cunning work; after the work of the ephod thou shalt make it; of gold, of blue, and of purple, and of scarlet, and of fine twined linen, shalt thou make it.  Foursquare it shall be being doubled; a span shall be the length thereof, and a span shall be the breadth thereof.” (verses 15-16) “being double” you want to take note of that, it’s going to be a span, which is about seven and a half or eight inches by seven and a half or eight inches, about half an ephod, a span, and it says “doubled.”  So what we’re going to have here is, we’ll start with it about 17 inches long, or 18 inches long, about 8 inches wide, and then it will be folded up behind, which would make a perfect square, with a pocket in the back side, where the Urim and Thummim would go.  We’ll talk about that.  And in the breastplate you will have four rows of three stones, one, two, three going across this way, one, two, three, one, two, three, four rows of three stones, representing the tribes of Israel.  So he says it shall be foursquare, that’s being doubled, that’s after you fold up the one side, “a span shall be the length thereof, and a span shall be the breadth thereof.” 

 

God Sees His People As Precius Jewels

 

“And thou shalt set in it settings of stones, even four rows of stones:  the first row shall be a sardius, a topaz, and a carbuncle:  this shall be the first row.   And the second row shall be an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond.  And the third row a ligure [thought to be yellow jacinth], an agate [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agate], and an amethyst.  And the fourth row a beryl, and an onyx, and a jasper:  they shall be set in gold in their inclosings.” (verses 17-20) Now they’re going to be gold settings with these jewels in them, even four rows of stones, three in each, “the first row shall be” now I’ll go through these, I’ve got a, not that anybody’s interested, but I am, I’ve the mic and you’re being tortured, so you’ll go through this with me. I have a book called The Jewels or The Gemstones of Judaica and it’s all ancient rabbis and all of their comments on these things.  And we don’t have time tonight, you can do a whole study here, they actually tell you why each stone was chosen for that particular tribe, and what they believe in ancient Judaism, what the qualities of each particular stone was, and how that actually reflected the tribe that it was given to.  So we’ll go through these quickly here, here are the stones, and the first stone, and it’s according to their birth, is the sardius, now that’s not the one that we understand, this is the sardius stone that’s bright red, like a ruby, that’s for Reuben [could be carnelian, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnelian].  The second stone in the top row is topaz, not the one we’d understand, this is Simeon, and it’s a yellowish green [Topaz, according to the Bible, is the second stone God used to decorate Lucifer (Ezekiel 28:13). The name of the gemstone is derived, in the Old Testament, from the Hebrew pitdah (Strong's Concordance #H6357). Nine out of the ten Bible translations used in the series translate pitdah in this verse as topaz, while the NLT calls it "a pale green peridot."

Pale Green Peridot       

The third stone, carbuncle, which is Levi, but this is a Hebrew stone that is sky blue, it’s beautiful [he says sky blue, but it could have been a brilliant red].  This shall be the first row, the second row shall be an emerald, it’s not the one that we know, this is the stone of Judah, this is a stone that’s black in Israel, in Hebrew.  But it’s translucent and when it’s held up to the light it looks like there’s a fire burning inside of it, it’s a remarkable stone.  So this first stone is of Judah, it’s a black stone, second stone [of the second row] is a sapphire, this is Issachar, it’s a stone that’s sea green, and then a diamond, which is Zebulun, which is a clear stone.  The third row is a ligure, which is the tribe of Dan, which is a turquoise stone, and agate [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agate], which is Naphtali, which is a greenish gold with orange hues, a beautiful stone, and an amethyst which is the tribe of Gad, which is not the amethyst we know today, but it’s multicoloured, depending on the cut and the stone.  The final row, the fourth row is first a beryl, that’s the tribe of Asher, and it’s a cloudy white stone with light green grain and veins running through it, it’s a beautiful stone.  The next one is an onyx stone, this is for the tribe of Joseph  [so Ephraim & Manasseh share a stone], and it’s bright green, and I’m quite happy with that, being a Joseph, that’s where I’m going to live in the holy city, in the green zone, that’s where I’m going to be up there, near the foundation stones [the New Jerusalem is going to end up on earth for all eternity, read Revelation 21:1-23].  And the last stone is a jasper stone, that’s for the tribe of Benjamin, but they came in various colours, it’s not the jasper that we know today.  “And the fourth row a beryl, and an onyx, and a jasper:  they shall be set in gold in their inclosings.” (verse 20)  So you have three gems, three gems, three gems, three gems, they have the names of the tribes of Israel engraved in them.  And when we read down, three times it’s going to say between verses 29 and 31, three times “they shall be on the heart of Aaron,” three times it specifically says that.  He shall bear them on his heart, and certainly it is a picture of Christ, you know, he knows our names, it says he ever lives and makes intercession for the saints.  Not only does he know our names tonight, he knows the new name each of us are going to get, because he’s going to give us a new name.  So he knows our present name and our future name.  And I know you’re thinking ‘Stinker, I know it, it know it [“assling” taken from the BBC series “The Last Kingdom”]’  no, no, no, these will be relative to the fact…[unintelligible] and it’ll all be beautiful.  “And the stones shall be with the names of the children of Israel, twelve, according to their names, like the engravings of a signet; every one with his name shall they be according to the twelve tribes.” (verse 21)  God sees his people as precious jewels.  You understand that as a parent, even though you say ‘You must have rocks in your head,’ they’re beautiful precious stones in their head, you know.  I mean, you have children, you understand those times of seeing those facets in their lives that are beautiful, are remarkable.  God sees his children as jewels, and Malachi chapter 3 says that we make up in his presence his precious jewels, his gems, you know, his people.  When you look at them, and we look at them and we study them, we see their failings, we see their unbelief, and you see all of that, sometimes we need to remember that that’s not the way God sees us, he’s the God that calls things that are not as though they were.  When Balak in Numbers, when we get there, he’s going to hire Balaam to curse the children of Israel, and each time he opens his mouth to curse them, he blesses them.  And Balak says ‘I didn’t get my money’s worth here, what’s the problem?’  And when Balaam opens his mouth to curse the children of Israel, he says ‘How lovely are thy tents, O Jacob.  There is no iniquity found in thee.’  And the key to that, it says before he opens his mouth, he’s filled with the Spirit [a temporary filling, that was for sure].  And if all you do is, when you look at the Bride of Christ, the Body of Christ, if all you do is see what’s wrong, and all you do is gripe and complain, all you do is cause division, your problem is you’re not filled with the Spirit.  Because the beauty of the Bride of Christ is not measured by her performance, it’s by his completed work.  Paul wants to present the Corinthian church as a chaste virgin in the Day of Christ, the immoral Corinthian church.  Israel had turned away at Kadesh Barnea, Israel had worshipped the wrong gods, Israel had died at Kibroth Hattaavah, the Graves of Lust, Israel had done all kinds of crazy things.  And when Balaam looked at them, filled with the Spirit, he said ‘How lovely are thy tents, O Jacob,’ he would say ‘There is no iniquity found in thee, O that I might die the death of the righteous man,’ he would say as he looked at them.  But his completed work, and that’s the way Christ sees his Bride, because of his completed work, not because of our performance, but because of his completed work, the beauty he’s imputed to us by his completed work.  Here, he sees his people as these precious jewels.  “And thou shalt make upon the breastplate chains at the ends of wreathen work of pure gold.  And thou shalt make upon the breastplate two rings of gold, and shalt put the two rings on the two ends of the breastplate.  And thou shalt put the two wreathen chains of gold in the two rings which are on the ends of the breastplate.  And the other two ends of the two wreathen chains thou shalt fasten in the two ouches, and put them on the shoulderpieces of the ephod before it.” (verses 22-25)  this is all woven together, it’s all intricately one part, there’s a beauty to it, there are rings on the top two ends of the breastplate, and then they have these golden chains that go through them, that go through the settings on the shoulders.  “And thou shalt make two rings of gold, and thou shalt put them upon the two ends of the breastplate in the border thereof, which is in the side of the ephod inward.  And two other rings of gold thou shalt make, and shalt put them on the two sides of the ephod underneath, toward the forepart thereof, over against the other coupling thereof, above the curious girdle of the ephod.” (verses 26-27)  they’re going to wrap around the waist of the ephod where it’s woven down the side.  “And they shall bind the breastplate by the rings thereof unto the rings of the ephod with a lace of blue, that it may be above the curious girdle of the ephod, and that the breastplate be not loosed from the ephod.” (verse 28) it was set there firmly, so that it wasn’t loose, didn’t swing around.  “And Aaron shall bear the names of the children of Israel in the breastplate of judgment” notice please, “upon his heart, when he goeth in unto the holy place, for a memorial before the LORD continually.  And thou shalt put in the breastplate of judgment the Urim and the Thummim; and they shall be upon Aaron’s heart, when he goeth in before the LORD:  and Aaron shall bear the judgment of the children of Israel upon his heart before the LORD continually.” (verses 29-30)  again, “upon his heart,” the third time.  Now, the Urim and Thummim are not little magic spectacles that Joseph Smith had so he could read the secret tablets and start the Mormon church, it doesn’t say that here.  It doesn’t say the little magic spectacles, the Urim and Thummim were placed in the pocket behind the breastplate with the names of the children of Israel, they mean “the lights and perfection,” so we’re not sure what they were.  Most scholars feel that they were two polished stones, and that when the priest would go to discern the will of God for the people in a simple “yes” or “no” type of answer, that he would use the Urim and Thummim.  And which stone he pulled out would be the will of God.  We’re going to find them for awhile, they’re finally going to pass off the scene, it’s a very interesting process.  Is it a white stone and a black stone?  We don’t know.  Are they two stones that are exactly the same with the two different words written on them?  Do the lights and perfections, do the lights have to do with God’s leading, yes, perfection have to do with knowledge and wisdom saying no? we’re not sure, we don’t have those details anywhere [we’ll know pretty soon, at the soon-coming Wedding Feast of the Lamb, cf. Revelation 19:7-9].  But here in the breastplate, part of it the Urim and Thummim.  The priest now is going to wear this priest’s outfit when he goes in before the LORD.  When he goes in without it he’s struck dead.  There’s only one way to approach and to come into the presence of the LORD, and it has to be with the priest’s garment, we’re going to see that as we move through here. 

 

The High Priest’s Robe

 

“And thou shalt make the robe of the ephod all of blue.” now that’s underneath the ephod, “And there shall be an hole in the top of it,” because without the hole you can’t put your head through, “in the midst thereof:  it shall have a binding of woven work round about the hole of it, as it were the hole of an habergeon,” that’s the collar, the habergeon, “that it be not rent.  And beneath upon the hem of it thou shalt make pomegranates of blue,” and we’re not sure, are the pomegranates made of stones that are blue, are the pomegranates woven in? “and of purple, and of scarlet, round about the hem thereof; and bells of gold between them round about:  a golden bell and a pomegranate, a golden bell and a pomegranate, upon the hem of the robe round about.” (verses 31-34)  It seems that the robe would hang down to about the knees underneath of the ephod, made of blue, would have a border, it would have a gold bell hanging down, and then it seems a pomegranate, possibly woven, then another bell, so that the bells stagger the pomegranates all the way around the priest’s garment.  And it is says, verse 35, “And it shall be upon Aaron to minister:  and his sound shall be heard when he goeth in unto the holy place before the LORD, and when he cometh out, that he die not.” (verse 35) so you’ll be able to say ‘Did you hear that?  I think I just heard a priest.  That sound like a priest to you?  That sounds like there’s a priest around here somewhere.’  Now it’s an interesting picture, and it develops as we go through the Old Testament.  The high priest would go once a year into the Holy of Holies with a basin of lambs blood [no, it was goat’s blood, read Leviticus chapter 16] to the Mercy Seat, the lid of the Ark of the Covenant, on Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement.  As this develops, we find from Targums and Hebrew writings, that they would tie a rope around his ankle, he would wear these bells because if he went into the presence of God, where God dwelt between the cherubim, and he sinned or something was wrong, he’d be struck dead.  So as long as he’s jingling, everything’s cool.  When the bells stop, you may have a dead priest in there.  And then what do you do, flip coins to see who goes in to get him?  ‘Not me, who wants to go in?’ nobody wants to go in.  So it came to the point where they’d tie a rope around his ankle, so it he died in there they could drag him out under the vail [‘Pull! Pull!, pull harder, he’s stuck!].  It becomes a very interesting picture, because we have in history, in the time of Christ, descriptions of the Romans when they took someone to crucifixion, they would tie their arms to the crossbeam, the upper beam at the site of crucifixion, sometimes they would carry the whole cross, but because whether it was the whole cross or the crossbeam, their arms were outstretched, the Romans to demonstrate their cruelty, would tie to a rope around the ankle of the person that was going to be crucified, and here and there they would pull the feet out from under him so he would smash down on his face.  And certainly a picture of our High Priest, no doubt, who endured that kind of cruelty on his way to Golgotha.  This priest’s bells, so he could be heard, he’s in there ministering, as long as the bells were ringing everything’s wonderful, God’s happy, he’s receiving the blood of the lamb poured on the Mercy Seat [blood of a goat, Pastor Joe.  Because Calvary Chapels don’t observe the Day of Atonement, they don’t focus on the teaching of how the high priests were instructed to keep it, which was given in Leviticus 16].  If the bells ever stopped ringing, that would present Israel with another problem, so they would come up with the rope.  But here, that he comes in the proper way, that he die not. 

 

The High Priest’s Turban

 

“And thou shalt make a plate of pure gold, and grave upon it, like the engravings of a signet, HOLINESS TO THE LORD.” (verse 36)  Literally the Hebrew is “HOLY IS THE LORD,” so on the mitre, the headpiece would be a golden plate on the front across his forehead that would say “HOLY IS THE LORD,” “And thou shalt put it on a blue lace, that it may be upon the mitre; upon the forefront of the mitre it shall be.  And it shall be upon Aaron’s forehead, that Aaron may bear the iniquity of the holy things, which the children of Israel shall hallow in all their holy gifts; and it shall be always upon his forehead, that they may be accepted before the LORD.  And thou shalt embroider the coat of fine linen, and thou shalt make the mitre of fine linen, and thou shalt make the girdle of needlework.” (verses 37-39) 

 

Fine Clothes For Aaron’s Sons

 

“And for Aaron’s sons thou shalt make coats, and thou shalt make for them girdles, and bonnets shalt thou make for them, for glory and for beauty.  And thou shalt put them upon Aaron thy brother, and his sons with him; and shalt anoint them, and consecrate them, and sanctify them, that they may minister unto me in the priest’s office.” (verses 40-41)  So a beautiful picture, the anointing, serving the LORD, not in the power of the flesh, but in the anointing of the Holy Spirit, a life that’s Spirit-filled, again, a Spirit-filled Christian, not a title, a condition.  You have a lot of Christians who say ‘Ya I’m Spirit-filled’ and they’re living in sin at the same time, I don’t buy it.  ‘Those that are led of the Spirit are the children of God (Romans 8:14)  I don’t care if you’re talking in tongues, if you’re living in sin you got a problem.  My pastor [Pastor Chuck Smith, see https://unityinchrist.com/history/smith.htm] used to say “The steam is in the engine not just to blow the whistle, but to move the train,” and the Spirit of God in our hearts is given so we would walk in the Spirit and be led of the Spirit.  Yet there are gifts that are wonderful, they were anointed, these priests, then they were consecrated, given in the hands, it says, and sanctified, set apart, their lives were set apart.  Your lives are set apart, look around this room, we’re all here in our civies, so it doesn’t look like any of us are set apart, but we are.  We’re separate from this world, we’re new creations in Christ, he’s chosen us out from among the world, to be light, to be salt, to be a testimony to this lost world [see https://unityinchrist.com/mathew/Matthew5-13-16.htm], everybody in this room is his, blood-bought, sanctified.  It’s positional, it isn’t always performance, we make mistakes, we struggle, we’re Christians, but our lives have been set apart for his purposes, for his purposes.  His calling is on our lives.  And there’s a whole lost world out there, that doesn’t know the truth, and the amount of truth and grace represented in this room right now is unimaginable, the amount of truth and grace in this room, right now, gives the devil a migraine.  Do we realize, do we realize, Jesus said ‘He who is least in the Kingdom is greater than John the Baptist,’ the message, the truth, what God has invested in us, and what happens with that, how it infects someone when the love of Christ is shed abroad from our hearts, when we touch a friend or a relative or a school mate or someone who doesn’t know, who does not know.  And you think, ‘Oh man, I’m not effective, I do my best,’ look, Paul says ‘One man sows, another man waters, only God brings the increase.’  Our calling is to bring Christ to men, only God brings men to Christ [cf. John 6:44].  But our lives have been set aside, anointed, consecrated, sanctified, set aside for higher things.  “And thou shalt make them linen breeches to cover their nakedness; from the loins even unto the thighs they shall reach:  and they shall be upon Aaron, and upon his sons, when they come in unto the tabernacle of the congregation, or when they come near unto the altar to minister in the holy place; that they bear not iniquity, and die:  it shall be a statute for ever unto him and his seed after him.” (verses 42-43) “breeches,” trousers.  Oh, I wanted to do the next chapter, let’s see here, we have three minutes left and it’s only 46 verses [laughter].  We can’t do it.  I just can’t do it, sorry.  It’s a great chapter, I love it, when we get to that chapter.  Read ahead, please, read ahead, just, as we come and see the priests consecrated, the lessons in there are remarkable for you and I, the things that take place.  So read ahead, next week we’ll try to do 29, we should be able to do 29, 30, 31, we’ll take a running start at it.  But look, read ahead.  People think ‘Oh Exodus, I’ll wait till we get to Daniel, then I’ll come.’  Look, this is filled with incredible things, this is something Moses is beholding in heaven [via vision, of course], and writing down the description of it in types and chapter for us to see, the things that God has for us, incredible stuff.  Let’s stand, let’s pray, let’s lift our voices to the Lord, we’ll worship, exercise our priesthood, let’s lift to him a sweet savour, we’re going to read about that.  A sweet savour is really a savour of rest, let’s let the fruit of our lips be an acceptable sacrifice before him, and let’s lift our voices to bless him, let’s bless the Lord, and do it with our hearts, not just with our voices…[transcript of a connective expository sermon on Exodus 27:1-21 and Exodus 28:1-43, given by Pastor Joe Focht, Calvary Chapel of Philadelphia, 13500 Philmont Avenue, Philadelphia, PA  19116]

 

related links: 

We’re separate from this world, we’re new creations in Christ, he’s chosen us out from among the world, to be light, to be salt, to be a testimony to this lost world, see https://unityinchrist.com/mathew/Matthew5-13-16.htm

Audio version: https://resources.ccphilly.org/detail.asp?TopicID=&Teaching=WED560

 


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