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Genesis 20:1-18

 

“And Abraham journeyed from thence toward the south country, and dwelled between Kadesh and Shur, and sojourned in Gerar. 2 And Abraham said of Sarah his wife, She is my sister:  and Abimelech king of Gerar sent, and took Sarah. 3 But God came to Abimelech in a dream by night, and said to him, Behold, thou art but a dead man, for the woman which thou hast taken; for she is a man’s wife. 4 But Abimelech had not come near her:  and he said, Lord, wilt thou slay also a righteous nation? 5 Said he not unto me, She is my sister? and she, even she herself said, He is my brother:  in the integrity of my heart and innocency of my hands have I done this. 6 And God said unto him in a dream, Yea, I know that thou didst this in the integrity of thy heart; for I also withheld thee from sinning against me:  therefore suffered I thee not to touch her. 7 Now therefore restore the man his wife; for he is a prophet, and he shall pray for thee, and thou shalt live: and if thou restore her not, know thou that that thou shalt surely die, thou, and all that are thine. 8 Therefore Abimelech rose early in the morning, and called all his servants, and told all these things in their ears:  and the men were sore afraid. 9 Then Abimelech called Abraham, and said unto him, What hast thou done unto us? and what have I offended thee, that thou hast brought on me and on my kingdom a great sin? thou hast done deeds unto me that ought not to be done. 10 And Abimelech said unto Abraham, What sawest thou, that thou hast done this thing? 11 And Abraham said, Because I thought, Surely the fear of God is not in this place; and they will slay me for my wife’s sake. 12 And yet indeed she is my sister; she is the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother; and she became my wife. 13 And it came to pass, when God caused me to wander from my father’s house, that I said unto her, This is thy kindness which thou shalt shew unto me; at every place whither we shall come, say of me, He is my brother. 14 And Abimelech took sheep, and oxen, and menservants, and womenservants, and gave them unto Abraham, and restored him Sarah his wife. 15 And Abimelech said, Behold, my land is before thee:  dwell where it pleaseth thee. 16 And unto Sarah he said, Behold, I have given thy brother a thousand pieces of silver:  behold, he is to thee a covering of the eyes, unto all that are with thee, and with all other:  thus she was reproved. 17 So Abraham prayed unto God:  and God healed Abimelech, and his wife, and his maidservants; and they bare children. 18 For the LORD had fast closed up all the wombs of the house of Abimelech, because of Sarah Abraham’s wife.”

 

Introduction

 

[Audio version: https://resources.ccphilly.org/detail.asp?TopicID=&Teaching=WED530]

 

“Genesis chapter 20, interesting set of circumstances, because Abraham is going to repeat a mistake that he had made 25 years before this.  And this is right on the heals of the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah.  You know sometimes as we go on with the Lord, we do pretty good for a pretty long spell, God will give us a season of grace.  And we actually start to take ourselves seriously, as if it were something.  And we find ourselves remarkably, here’s Abraham, none of this is mentioned in Hebrews 11, when God puts this man of faith before us, but here in his humanity we find him again failing, we find him telling half-truths or full-blown lies, we find him again afraid, this man whom God had drawn so close to and said so many things to.  And God is not ashamed at all to hold his humanity before us, because how many times in life do we find ourselves, you know, pressed in a circumstance where we kind of, instead of just telling the truth, we kind of say a half-truth, you know it’s not a lie, but it’s just not all the information.  Or we find ourselves afraid of man, and the Bible says the fear of man bringeth a snare, doesn’t it, how often we’re intimidated, we hate confrontation, we don’t want to get into something with somebody, we look for the easy way out.  And Abraham is made of the same stuff that we’re made of.  And here he is at 100 years old, and he’s going to find himself in a situation that he doesn’t want to be in, and he begins to take the easy way out again, instead of, certainly he could have trusted God with his whole heart in this circumstance, and God would have sustained him.  This is put on the page and preserved through the centuries for us, not doubt, to look at, to learn from. 

 

Abraham Steps Into The Same Sin & God Has To Bail Him Out Again

 

It says “And Abraham journeyed from thence toward the south country, and dwelled between Kadesh and Shur, and sojourned in Gerar.” (verse 1) down in the south towards Egypt.  He’s heading south.  We’re not told why, there’s no information here.  Maybe he couldn’t stand the sight of Sodom and Gomorrah smoldering every day.  Maybe he didn’t know where Lot was, maybe it was eating at him, we don’t know, we’re giving him the benefit of the doubt, but we don’t know.  He begins to head towards the south.  It seems when he does that he gets in trouble, I’ve learned that just from reading a few chapters on his life, it seems that he should know by now.  “And Abraham said of Sarah his wife, She is my sister:  and Abimelech king of Gerar sent, and took Sarah.” (verse 2)  Now this sounds familiar, doesn’t it?  He did this 25 years earlier when he went down into Egypt.  He told the same story, got in a pickle, God had to rescue him, rescue Sarah.  Now here he is, he’s down more towards the coast, over towards the area of Gaza that you see on the news every day, going down towards Egypt.  He’s encountering evidently tribesmen, and he’s going to run into this king Abimelech.  Abimelech is not his name, Abimelech is the title of the king, his name was probably Charlie, you know, Jaz or something.  But Abraham said of Sarah now, his wife “She is my sister.”  Now he’s a hundred and she’s ninety, and I wonder at this point why anybody doesn’t say, ‘boy, they’ve been together for a long time, why doesn’t either one of them get married?  He’s a hundred, and she’s ninety and they’re still hanging around with each other.’  “and Abimelech king of Gerar sent, and took Sarah.” into his harem.  Somebody think a little bit here.  Sarah must have been beautiful.  I’m just thinking of somebody else, and that’s another story, but I can actually interject it here, and I love to do it once in awhile just for shock value.  One of the other Calvary Chapel pastors in the area in one of the last Harvest Crusades we had, his aunt was kind of, he said, the black sheep of the family, nobody liked her, and she started coming over and hanging around, and he said ‘You can come over for dinner if you go on the Harvest Crusade with us,’ and she said ok.  So he took her down, and sure enough she went forward and she got saved.  She was 82 or something, on the way home she said ‘I guess I’ll have to get a new job.’  And he said ‘What are you talking about,’ she said ‘Well you know those 900 calls, these guys calling and you talk dirty conversations?’ and he said ‘What are you talking about?’ and she said ‘Well ya, in the old age home I’m in there’s about five or six of us, and we get paid so much, and these young guys calling, and think we’re pretty young girls, and we sit around and talk dirty to them, I guess I can’t do that anymore, I’m a Christian.’  and he said ‘No, you better not do that anymore.’  [laughter]  I just say that, because if you’re stupid enough to call a 900 number, I want you to know, on the other end is not that chic that’s on television, it’s an 80-year-old, ok.  [laughter]  I think we have a different circumstance here.  This is Abimelech, he’s a king with a harem, he’s got 19-year-olds in his harem, this is not a guy who takes 90-year-olds and put them into his harem.  Sarah’s probably pregnant at this time.  God has restored her, he’s restored Abraham.  In the next chapter we’re going to find that when Isaac is born she nurses him, herself.  You know, when the Rapture happens [cf. 1st Corinthians 15:49-54, whenever it does], whatever your position, but it says in the twinkling of an eye, this corruption puts on incorruption, this mortal puts on immortality, that transformation will take place in all of our lives, we’ll all arrive in heaven [at the Wedding Feast of the Lamb, cf. Revelation 19:7-9] in the twinkling of an eye, and I think we’ll all be about 30 when we get there [I go for 20].  So God is able to do that partially evidently if he wants to.  He took 90-year-old corruption in Sarah and 100-year-old corruption in Abraham and turned back the clock enough for them to be intimate and have a child, and evidently Sarah is beautiful enough that this old king, Abimelech doesn’t know she’s 90, and takes her, Abraham’s afraid again, she might have been prettier than when he lied in Egypt, I don’t know, and said ‘say you’re my sister again.’  Here’s God, he rejuvenates them, he gives them life, he makes them beautiful, he turns back the clock on their biology, and in the middle of that miracle Abraham’s afraid ‘I’m gonna get killed again.’  So this king takes Sarah, who must look beautiful, he thinks she’s 20 or something, and puts her into his harem.  “But God came to Abimelech in a dream by night, and said to him, Behold, thou art but a dead man, for the woman which thou hast taken; for she is a man’s wife.” (verse 3)  that sounds more like The Godfather than God, doesn’t it there, “Behold, thou art but a dead man, for the woman which thou hast taken; for she is a man’s wife.”  God upholds the sacredness of marriage, this is long before the Ten Commandments, the 7th Commandment is given in regards to adultery, but it was still wrong.  Capital crime in the Old Testament, if you’re in adultery this evening, I didn’t know you were going to be here, my only advice would be, if the shoe fits, wear it.  Repentance is a wonderful thing, a wonderful word, something God has given to us that we can turn back to him and ask forgiveness, and confess, homologao, admit that we’re wrong.  Here, God says to this king, because he’s taken Sarah, ‘I want you to think about this, Bub, you’re a dead man, because the woman you’ve taken, she’s somebody else’s wife.’  Verse 4 says “But Abimelech had not come near her:  and he said, Lord, wilt thou slay also a righteous nation?” now that’s small “ord” so Abimelech’s not sure, evidently, he’s not saying Jehovah [or Yahweh], El Shaddai, but he knows a divine being’s come to him in a dream.  “wilt thou slay also a righteous nation?”  I don’t know if he’s thinking about Sodom and Gomorrah, evidently he senses this is a God who judges.  “Said he not unto me, She is my sister? and she, even she herself said, He is my brother:” and look what he says to God, never try to pull the wool over God’s eyes, “in the integrity of my heart and innocency of my hands have I done this.” (verse 5)  ‘I did this with integrity and innocence, took this woman away from a man against her will, put her in my harem, I’m innocent because she’s not married, the heck with the fact that I took her against her will and decided that she would be mine and I was going to do whatever I wanted to do with her.’--such innocency, the world’s filled with it today, isn’t it?  God says to him in a dream ‘Ya, I know.’  Does your translation say that?  The King James does, I love that, “And God said unto him in a dream, Yea, I know that thou didst this in the integrity of thy heart; for I also withheld thee from sinning against me:  therefore suffered I thee not to touch her.” (verse 6)  He’s saying ‘God, I’m innocent, I didn’t know you were going to kill me, I’m a good guy,’ and God said, ‘Ya, I know, you’re so filled with integrity and innocency, the reason you didn’t touch her is because I kept you from sinning against me, or you’d already be dead, I’m the one.’ the king’s heart is in the LORD’s hand, he turns it whichever way he will.  “Now therefore restore the man his wife; for he is a prophet, and he shall pray for thee, and thou shalt live: and if thou restore her not, know thou that thou shalt surely die, thou, and all that are thine.” (verse 7)  Now it’s the first time in the Bible we have the word “prophet.”  He’s the fibbing prophet, he’s the scared prophet, but he’s a prophet.  “Now therefore restore the man his wife; for he is a prophet,” now that’s evidently something Abimelech is familiar with, there were spiritual people in those cultures, even those that were deceived in spiritual matters, “and he shall pray for thee, and thou shalt live:  and if thou restore her not, know thou that thou shalt surely die, thou, and all that are thine.” And you don’t want to hear that from God when Sodom and Gomorrah’s smoldering next door.  He’s a prophet, he’ll pray for you, first work of a prophet, prayer.  The priest was the person who represented the people to God, the prophet was the person who represented God to the people.  The prophet was the one who spent time alone in God’s presence.  Abraham was called “the friend of God.”  And evidently Abraham spent a lot of time alone with the LORD, and God says ‘this man’s a prophet, he will pray for you, and you will live,’  very interesting, ‘if you don’t listen to me, you’re gonna die, and so’s everybody you know.’ 

 

Abraham’s telling a half-truth, a half-truth is a whole lie--for a Christian, for a believer to tell a half-truth, it’s a full-blown lie

 

“Therefore Abimelech rose early in the morning, and called all his servants, and told all these things in their ears:  and the men were sore afraid.” (verse 8) Abimelech makes the wise choice.  I’m sure he didn’t sleep much after that, either.  That’s why he got up early.  You ever have one of those, where there’s no sense trying to go back to sleep, you’re against the tide? [as I get older, that happens more than I’d like it to]  He gets up early in the morning, “and called all his servants, and told all these things in their ears:” and notice, “and the men were sore afraid.” all of them.  “Then Abimelech called Abraham, and said unto him, What hast thou done unto us? and what have I offended thee, that thou hast brought on me and on my kingdom a great sin? thou hast done deeds unto me that ought not to be done.” (verse 9)  ‘You’re a prophet and you lied to me?  You’re a prophet and told us this story?’  “And Abimelech said unto Abraham, What sawest thou, that thou hast done this thing?” (verse 10)  Those of you that are parents, you ever have a kid you say that to?  ‘What were you thinking when you did that!?’ ‘Aaah, aaah,’ I love that look, when they’re little.  ‘Now what did I tell you,’  ‘Aaah,’ they want to say the right thing.  I have no idea.  Abimelech says ‘What sawest thou, what were you thinking, what did you see, why did you do this, that you have done this thing?’  Now Abraham has got to have some lame excuses here.  First he says this, “And Abraham said, Because I thought, Surely the fear of God is not in this place; and they will slay me for my wife’s sake.” (verse 11)  Number 1.  Wait a minute, look at all the chapters before this.  He just said to God ‘Surely you’re not gonna slay the righteous along with the wicked?’  And now he’s telling Abimelech ‘I thought you were going to kill me,’ while God was telling him ‘You’re going to be the father of many nations,’ making all of these promises for all of these chapters, and he did this.  Can you believe that?  You can if you get up and look in the mirror in the morning.  Think of the promises God has made us.  And we get mad when Grama dies and leaves the Coocoo clock to somebody else.  We have eternity, we have heaven [i.e. a future home in the New Jerusalem, which will end up on earth, cf. Revelation 21:1-23], streets of gold, bowls of jewels.  He’s given us everything.  We don’t think that he’s going to help us get the gas bill paid?  He’s given us eternity, but can’t handle the gas bill.  Abraham’s doing the same thing.  ‘Why did you lie to me?’  There’s nothing worse than a religious liar.  You know, this guy comes, God’s saying he’s a prophet on top of everything else, and he’s saying ‘What in the world were you thinkin’ man?  Why did you do this, bring evil on me and my entire kingdom, what were you doing?’  And Abraham said ‘Well, aaah, I was afraid, and thought this must be a godless place, and if I don’t make up a story, you’re gonna kill me, and take my wife.’  Now he justifies it, “And yet indeed she is my sister; she is the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother; and she became my wife.” (verse 12)  ‘and she became my wife, I don’t know how.’ [laughter] ‘she was my sister, and I woke up and she was my wife, I thought she was my sister, she’s my father’s daughter but a different mother, so she’s my half-sister,’ and your half-wife?  He’s telling a half-truth, a half-truth is a whole lie.  For a Christian, for a believer to tell a half-truth, it’s a full-blown lie, there’s no such thing as a half-truth for us.  It’s just amazing what he’s saying here.  ‘She was born of my father, she is my sister, but she became my wife.’  And now look at this history, this is interesting in verse 13, “And it came to pass, when God caused me to wander from my father’s house,” way back in chapter 12, at the end of chapter 11, “that I said unto her,” this is years ago, “This is thy kindness which thou shalt shew unto me; at every place whither we shall come, say of me, He is my brother.”  ‘It’s not my fault, we made this rule up long ago, it’s an old family rule, everywhere we go and I’m afraid, we lie about this.’  He’s so human.  “And Abimelech took sheep, and oxen, and menservants, and womenservants, and gave them unto Abraham, and restored him Sarah his wife.  And Abimelech said, Behold, my land is before thee:  dwell where it pleaseth thee.  And unto Sarah he said, Behold, I have given thy brother a thousand pieces of silver:  behold, he is to thee a covering of the eyes, unto all that are with thee, and with all other:  thus she was reproved.” (verses 14-16)  Now this is Abimelech kind of digging a little bit with Sarah.  “a covering” not her eyes, but “the eyes.”  He’s saying ‘I just gave your husband a thousand pieces of silver, you think you can buy a veil so this doesn’t happen anymore?’ ‘he is a covering of “the eyes” unto thee, can you do this the right way, you know, your brother?’  “So” remarkably “Abraham prayed unto God:  and God healed Abimelech, and his wife, and his maidservants; and they bare children.  For the LORD had fast closed up all the wombs of the house of Abimelech, because of Sarah Abraham’s wife.” (verses 17-18)  So no doubt they must have been there for a number of months, no one was conceiving, Abimelech hadn’t touched Sarah because of whatever God smote him with.  He said ‘Oh, it’s because I’m innocent,’ God said, ‘Oh, I know, I took care of your innocence, that’s why you’ve been innocent.’  Now look at this, Abraham is God’s man, loves God, he does love God, and in his weakness he fails.  God is sovereign, God still protects him, still protects his wife. Christian perfection is not the perfection of performance, Oswald Chambers says, but it’s the perfection of relationship.  It’s not the perfection of performance.  Yes, we should grow in grace and the knowledge of the Lord Jesus Christ, we should live more wisely now than we did last year, or two years ago.  But perfection for us now, is that when we do fail, when we do make a mistake, that we can go to him and say ‘Father, forgive me, I really blew it today.’  You know, I think as a younger Christian, when we make a mistake and we do something wrong, we grovel, because we’re still growing in grace, and we’re learning as time goes on, that no one has ever loved us the way that he loves us.  When we get to chapter 22, if the Lord tarries, please read next week chapter 22.  No one has ever loved us the way that he loves us.  And we find as we go on, we still struggle.  You know, Paul the apostle, at the end of his life, and God has done such great things in his heart, he’s still Paul the apostle.  He says, ‘Demis hath forsaken me, Luke alone, he’s with me here,’ he says ‘when you come bring my cloak from Troas, bring the parchments, that I might sit, study the Word,’ and he’s talking about his situation, and then all of a sudden he says ‘and Alexander the coppersmith, God will get him.’  Because he’s still got that edge, all the way at the end there, just gotta throw in, ‘I want to sit with the Lord, you know, Demis is gone, but Luke is still here, I just want to read my favorite Psalms, and that Alexander the coppersmith, God will get him.’  We’re still human.  How many times, when we get ushered into eternal life, I wonder how many times we’re going to find out God kept us from sinning, like he kept Abimelech from sinning.  I wonder how many times we’re going to find out God intervened sovereignly and kept us out of trouble, even though we made a foolish decision.  We do that with our children.  They make a foolish decision, a little kid running around the house, you don’t say ‘Pack your suitcase, change your last name.’  And he loves us more than we love our own children.  He cares for Abraham.  He takes care of him, and for Sarah.  “So Abraham” the fibbing prophet “prayed unto God:  and God healed Abimelech, and his wife, and his maidservants; and they bare children.  For the LORD had fast closed up all the wombs of the house of Abimelech, because of Sarah Abraham’s wife.” (verses 17-18)

 

Genesis 21:1-34

 

“And the LORD visited Sarah as he had said, and the LORD did unto Sarah as he had spoken. 2 For Sarah conceived, and bare Abraham a son in his old age, at the set time of which God had spoken to him. 3 And Abraham called the name of his son that was born unto him, whom Sarah bare to him, Isaac. 4 And Abraham circumcised his son Isaac being eight days old, as God had commanded him. 5 And Abraham was an hundred years old, when his son Isaac was born unto him. 6 And Sarah said, God hath made me to laugh, so that all that hear will laugh with me. 7 And she said, Who would have said unto Abraham, that Sarah should have given children suck? for I have born him a son in his old age. 8 And the child grew, and was weaned:  and Abraham made a great feast the same day that Isaac was weaned. 9 And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, which she had born unto Abraham, mocking. 10 Wherefore she said unto Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son:  for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with my son, even with Isaac. 11 And the thing was very grievous in Abraham’s sight because of his son. 12 And God said unto Abraham, Let it not be grievous in thy sight because of the lad, and because of the bondwoman; in all that Sarah hath said unto thee, hearken unto her voice; for in Isaac shall thy seed be called. 13 And also the son of the bondwoman will I make a nation, because he is thy seed. 14 And Abraham rose up early in the morning, and took bread, and a bottle of water, and gave it unto Hagar, putting it on her shoulder, and the child, and sent her away:  and she departed, and wandered in the wilderness of Beersheba. 15 And the water was spent in the bottle, and she cast the child under one of the shrubs. 16 And she went, and sat her down over against him a good way off, as it were a bowshot:  for she said, Let me not see the death of the child.  And she sat over against him, and lift up her voice, and wept. 17 And God heard the voice of the lad; and the angel of God called to Hagar out of heaven, and said unto her, What aileth thee, Hagar? fear not; for God hath heard the voice of the lad where he is. 18 Arise, lift up the lad, and hold him in thine hand; for I will make him a great nation. 19 And God opened her eyes, and she saw a well of water; and she went, and filled the bottle with water, and gave the lad drink. 20 And God was with the lad; and he grew, and dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer. 21 And he dwelt in the wilderness of Paran:  and his mother took him a wife out of the land of Egypt. 22 And it came to pass at that time, that Abimelech and Phicol the chief captain of his host spake unto Abraham, saying, God is with thee in all that thou doest: 23 now therefore swear unto me here by God that thou wilt not deal falsely with me, nor with my son, nor with my son’s son:  but according to thy kindness that I have done unto thee, thou shalt do unto me, and to the land wherein thou hast sojourned. 24 And Abraham said, I will swear. 25 And Abraham reproved Abimelech because of a well of water, which Abimelech’s servants had violently taken away. 26 And Abimelech said, I wot not who hath done this thing:  neither didst thou tell me, neither yet heard I of it, but to day. 27 And Abraham took sheep and oxen, and gave them unto Abimelech; and both of them made a covenant. 28 And Abraham set seven ewe lambs of the flock by themselves. 29 And Abimelech said unto Abraham, What mean these seven ewe lambs which thou hast set by themselves? 30 And he said, For these seven ewe lambs shalt thou take of my hand, that they may be a witness unto me, that I have digged this well. 31 Wherefore he called that place Beersheba; because there they sware both of them. 32 Thus they made a covenant at Beersheba:  then Abimelech rose up, and Phicol the chief captain of his host, and they returned into the land of the Philistines. 33 And Abraham planted a grove in Beersheba, and called there on the name of the LORD, the everlasting God. 34 And Abraham sojourned in the Philistines’ land many days.”

 

Sarah Gives Birth To Isaac

 

“And” beginning the next chapter, the continuing story, “the LORD visited Sarah” please notice “as he had said, and the LORD did unto Sarah as he had spoken.” (verse 1)  You know, when God made a covenant with Abraham, Abraham didn’t pass between the parts, God had passed between the parts alone.  The covenant was dependent on God’s faithfulness, and God is doing exactly what he said he would do, he’s doing it in his own timing, and he’s doing to Sarah what he said he had spoken.  She’s 90 years old, “For Sarah conceived, and bare Abraham a son in his old age,” he’s 100, please notice “at the set time of which God had spoken to him.” (verse 2)  That wasn’t a time that Abraham set or Sarah set, it wasn’t the time that you and I would have set, but God has a set time.  He’s a hundred, she’s ninety, she bears a son to Abraham in his old age, “at the set time of which God had spoken to him.”  God had let him know in chapter 18, ‘a year from now.’  God’s not in a rush, his schedule’s not like ours, he’s right on time, but he’s not in a rush.  He waits until this child of promise has to come of miraculous means, because this Isaac is the line that would go to the One who would come miraculously to take away the sin of the world.  “And Abraham called the name of his son that was born unto him, whom Sarah bare to him, Isaac.” (verse 3) Izak, Laughter, a reminder to Sarah, a joy to Abraham.  “And Abraham circumcised his son Isaac being eight days old, as God had commanded him.” (verse 4)  when the Profombrin and vitamin K is there, as God had commanded him, a sign of the covenant.  “And Abraham was an hundred years old, when his son Isaac was born unto him.  And Sarah said, God hath made me to laugh, so that all that hear will laugh with me.” (verses 5-6)  That’s a half-truth too, she laughed in unbelief back in chapter 18 when God said ‘Why did Sarah laugh?’ and she said ‘I did not laugh,’ he said ‘Yes you did, and we’re going to name this child Laughter.’  Because she said ‘Shall I have pleasure of my lord in his old age, he’s old and I’m past the age.’  All that’s fixed.  “And Sarah said, God hath made me to laugh, so that all that hear will laugh with me.  And she said, Who would have said unto Abraham, that Sarah should have given children suck? for I have born him a son in his old age.” (verses 6-7)  ‘that I’d be able to nurse at 90 years old? for I have born him a son in his old age.’  Now there’s something remarkable about this as I look at it.  Here’s two old spirits in young bodies again.  People ask me ‘Would you love to be 21 again?’ and I say ‘Only if I could still know what I know now.’  [That’s the incredible beauty of God’s Plan of Salvation, we spend a lifetime gaining experience, God’s Laws, what works in life, what doesn’t, all the experience of a lifetime for most of us that live a full life.  And then in the Resurrection to immortality (1st Corinthians 15:49-54), with all of that experience, we’re given young, immortal bodies that will not age!  Christianity is merely a journey to that ultimate destination.]  I would never want to be 21 and only know what I knew when I was 21 again.  But this seems to be what is the ultimate situation here, because Abraham is still 100 and Sarah’s still 90, only their bodies are two old spirits in young bodies again.  That’s a great setup [and again, that’s a picture of our destination at the Resurrection, what he calls the Rapture, except our bodies will be composed of spirit, which will be more solid than matter.  A spirit being, like the angels, can fly through matter like it is a cloud, without being hurt.  An angel can fly through the center of the earth, or the sun, like it is a cloud, without harm.]  Kind of heavenly, I think.  And I think, ‘How remarkable that must be.’

 

Ishmael & Hagar Driven Out Of Abraham’s Camp

 

A Promise For National Greatness For Ishmael Too

 

And it says “And the child grew, and was weaned:  and Abraham made a great feast the same day that Isaac was weaned.” (verse 8)  that was 3 to 4 years old, in the culture, how remarkable, moving from milk to stronger meat, God rejoices when we start to do that in our spiritual walk.  But, any of you guys, you remember your first kids, when you’re first married, you don’t have much money saved, I remember when Joanna was born we borrowed a crib, we took whatever hand-me-downs we could get, you take what you can get.  Then of course by the time Hannah’s born ten years later we’re a little more established, we picked out a crib, we actually went to the store and picked out a car seat.  You’re just a little more established.  You know, this is the son of their old age, they’re rejuvenated so they have enough strength to chase a toddler around the house, imagine if they were still a hundred and ninety physically, ‘Somebody get him, that’s the son of promise!  Put a helmet on him, he’s gonna kill himself, I can’t keep up with him.’  God [must have] rejuvenated their bodies.  You see how kids, they love to be around grandma and great grandma or great grandpa, because of the age and the stillness and the quietness.  Imagine here Abraham and Sarah at 103 and 93 have this little 3-year-old.  What a remarkable set of circumstances this must have been.  “And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, which she had born unto Abraham, mocking.” (verse 9)  He’s about 14 now, Ishmael.  “Wherefore she said unto Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son:  for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with my son, even with Isaac.” (verse 10)  And Sarah can be a bit of a lioness once in awhile.  “And the thing was very grievous in Abraham’s sight because of his son.” (verse 11) that tells us volumes about him, because of his son.  Interesting, “And God said unto Abraham, Let it not be grievous in thy sight because of the lad, and because of the bondwoman; in all that Sarah hath said unto thee, hearken unto her voice; for in Isaac shall thy seed be called.” (verse 12)  Now God had reproved him last time, and said ‘This is because you listened to your wife’s voice,’ now he’s telling him ‘I want you to listen to your wife’s voice.’  Now listening to your wife’s voice is difficult enough.  You know how you say to a little kid ‘What did I tell you?’ they go ‘Aaah, aaah.’  Husbands are like that too.  When your wife says ‘Are you listening to me?’ ‘Ahah.’  ‘What did I say?’  ‘Aah.’  Because you want to say the right thing, you really do, before the Lord.  If Jesus would come down he would tell your wife ‘He wants to say what’s right, he’s hesitating because he knows if he says the wrong thing, it could cost him weeks to get back in good again, he’s terrified, just be easier on him.’  You know, and earlier Sarah had said ‘Take Hagar,’ and I think Abraham didn’t break the code.  He should have said ‘Oh Honey, I love you, how could I ever take Hagar,’ he just said ‘ok.’  Problems, God said ‘It is because you hearkened unto your wife.’  Now God is saying to him ‘Hearken to your wife, listen to her.’  So this isn’t always a simple process, we need Divine guidance.  Pray for Divine guidance.  We have a very interesting circumstance here.  His name is Ishmael, it means “God hears.”  They had probably acquired Hagar when they were in Egypt.  Hagar must have been Sarah’s closest confidant.  For Sarah to say to Abraham ‘Take Hagar and let her raise up seed for me,’ it means that she was the closest of all of the maidservants that Sarah had, she was the most dear to her, she was the one she considered the closest.  And no doubt this young Egyptian girl had come back with this strange man from another country, who was already getting old, and constantly talking about this God of glory that had appeared to him, and told him to leave Ur of the Chaldees.  And God has promised this son is going to be born, and that through him all of the nations of the earth are going to be blessed.  And this young Egyptian girl must have listened, amazed.  You know at night time they sat around the fire, there was no television, there was no fax machines, there were no distractions.  They sat and they listened and they talked, and Abraham said ‘Look at the stars, God is going to bring forth the seed, and his children, his offspring are going to be like the stars of heaven in number.’  And all of a sudden, Sarah says to Hagar, ‘Hagar, I want you to go in and raise up children to us.’  And Hagar then gives birth to this son.  And she must think ‘This is the son that this LORD Abraham has been talking about, my son, my womb, my body, this is the son that all of the nations of the earth are going to be blessed through.’  [Comment:  right now they are all blessed through Ishmael’s descendants, view their rich oil reserves, OPEC 😊]  And she then looked down on Sarah.  And of course Sarah treated her unkindly, drove her out, and God met her there by the well Beerlahairoi and asked her to go back, to return.  So she’s been back now with Abraham and Sarah for 14 years, Ishmael has been growing up in the home, in the tent with them.  I’m sure they didn’t have a separate tent.  And Abraham loved Ishmael.  [Comment:  And don’t think for a nano-second that when Abraham comes back with Jesus and us resurrected saints at Jesus’ 2nd coming, that he is not going to lovingly regather Ishmael to him and heal the breach that has existed so long between Isaac and Ishmael in today’s world.  Meditate on that one.]  And when this happens and Sarah says ‘I want you to send them away,’ it says it was grievous to Abraham.  How could you raise a young boy for 14 years, and love that young boy, and pour your life and your heart into that young boy, and then just send them him away.  But I’m sure that Ishmael, about 11 years old, when Isaac is born, senses this major shift in the chemistry of the family.  All of a sudden this baby is getting all the attention, all of a sudden there’s an excitement that he’s never sensed in his life or with his mother Hagar.  He’s realizing, this God of Abraham has done something miraculous with their physical frames, with their health, and he’s produced this child in their old age, he’s taking this second place, he’s no longer the center of attention.  That happens naturally in a family, where there’s just a pecking order, the first one gets all the attention, the second one is born, the second one gets more attention than the first one, you guys that have raised kids you know the process.  You get married, I waited for years, I got a wife, we were going to wait two years to have children, five months later she was pregnant.  Don’t know what happened, she was my sister, I woke up she was my wife.  [loud laughter]  And then she has a baby, and then you’re an outsider.  ‘Wait a minute, I married you,’ she has a baby and you’re an outsider, ‘Wait a minute, I married you,’ now she’s with the baby and I’m here, ‘Do this, pick up the nook, boil it, do this, do that.’  And then the second one comes.  Now the second one, by now it’s changed a little, when the nook falls you just pick it up and stick it back in the mouth, forget about boiling it.  And when the third one comes, you’re on the same team again because it’s three against two, it’s the only means of survival in the house.  But amongst the kids then, there’s this, you know one of them is used to being the one that’s getting all the attention.  I remember when my son Josh was born, and I came home, my wife said, and Mike there was six years between them, he was bad, [laughter] and she had tears in her eyes, I would come home and she’d be crying after spending a day with him, and she said ‘He wished Josh had never been born.’  And I went up, you know, six years old, and said ‘Mom told me you said you wish Josh had never been born?’  He looked at me and said ‘Yet.  I said, I wish he had never been born YET.’  How am I supposed to keep a serious face?  But I’m sure Ishmael senses all of the dynamics of this thing, where it’s not normal like it would be in a normal family, where there’s normal tensions, this is the whole family centered on this miraculous child, and he is outside of the circle.  And when they’re celebrating the fact that young Isaac is weaned, it says here that he’s found mocking in some way.  If your translation says “playing,” it doesn’t give you the Hebrew, the sense.  He’s no longer the center of attention, he’s doing something he shouldn’t be doing.  And look, he’s 14 years old, he was raised up in a house with monotheists that knew the truth.  He had access to all of the truth about God, all of the nourishment he should have had spiritually, and he’s rebelling at this point in time.  He mocks.  Sarah saw it, ‘Cast out the bondwoman and her son,’ Abraham is grieved, it’s his son.  And I think this is why God speaks to Abraham, “And God said unto Abraham, Let it not be grievous in thy sight because of the lad, and because of the bondwoman; in all that Sarah hath said unto thee, hearken unto her voice; for in Isaac shall thy seed be called.” (verse 12)  “And also the son of the bondwoman will I make a nation, because he is thy seed.” (verse 13)  And God had told this to Abraham before.  Now isn’t it interesting, Abraham making major mistakes in chapter 20, several years have gone have by, God asked him to do something very difficult here, and he doesn’t hesitate, he gets up early in the morning, and we’re going to see that’s his pattern now as he moves along.  He’s learned something very important, and you can ask him when you see him in immortality, that’s not articulated in chapter 20, but Abraham’s pattern is going to be getting up very early to obey God from now on when God asks him to do something.  He must have seen a measure of God’s grace with Gerar and Abimelech that he hadn’t realized before, and even though he failed, God still used him, and when he prayed Abimelech is still healed, and I think he’s filled with wonder.  Isaac is born on top of that, the promise that was made has been fulfilled.

 

The LORD Steps In And Saves, Protects Ishmael & Hagar

 

And it says “And Abraham rose up early in the morning, and took bread, and a bottle of water, and gave it unto Hagar, putting it on her shoulder, and the child, and sent her away:  and she departed, and wandered in the wilderness of Beersheba.” (verse 14)  It’s in the wilderness, it would be named Beersheba [the Israelis call it Beersheva now] in the next chapter.  This is interesting, you know he’s grieved, he loves them, he could have sent away servants with them, sent camels, he could have sent gold and silver, could have sent supplies to last them for six months.  I’m assuming that he’s doing the harder thing, getting them up and sending them away, I’m assuming that this is also in obedience to a request that God has made, he sends them out with bread and water, that’s all.  Isn’t it interesting?  But we can picture the bread of life, living water, we do those things, but for Hagar she’s got bread and water on her shoulder.  And verse 15 says “And the water was spent in the bottle, and she cast the child under one of the shrubs.” She’s in the desert, she’s down by Beersheba, it’s hot, it’s unforgiving.  If you’ve been in the Middle East, I’ve been there many times, the sun is relentless, it’s unforgiving, it just continues, it burns in the middle of the day.  The water is spent, Ishmael 14 is collapsing, he’s so weak, she can’t stand it, she lays him under a shrub to provide what little shade she could.  “And she went, and sat her down over against him a good way off, as it were a bowshot:  for she said, Let me not see the death of the child.  And she sat over against him, and lift up her voice, and wept.” (verse 16)  I guarantee you she’s bitter at Abraham.  She had lived in his tent all these years, she got taken away from her home in Egypt, she got sent into the tent with Abraham, it wasn’t her decision when Ishmael was born.  She was the one now that was the second time, she was mistreated earlier, now she’s sent out, didn’t ask for any of this.  And she’s probably feeling the same way that you or I would feel in this circumstance.   And she gets far enough away, and she’s weeping out loud.  Verse 17 says “And God heard” please notice this “the voice of the lad; and the angel of God called to Hagar out of heaven, and said unto her, What aileth thee, Hagar? fear not; for God hath heard the voice of the lad where he is.”  We don’t know what he’s saying, she’s weeping out loud, Ishmael’s evidently praying, ‘LORD, God of Abraham, where are you?’  It’s going to tell us that when Abraham dies, Isaac and Ishmael come to his grave, and it’s going to say Abraham went to be with his fathers.  A few verses after that it will tell us Ishmael dies at 137, and he went to be with his fathers.  So whatever else that happened in those 14 years, and however difficult they were, please listen, if you’ve come out of an abusive situation, you’ve come out of a situation where there’s been great injustice, that does not mean that you can just sit in bitterness and die in the desert of all of that.  Because this young man is going to become a great nation, his father sends him away at 14 with his mother, unjustly in his mind.  And yet at the death of Abraham he’s there with his brother Isaac, he will flourish and become a great nation, and when he dies he will go to be with the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.  [And I am sure that he will, along with Abraham, go on to reconcile all of the Arab nations back into fellowship with the nation of Israel, all 13 tribes, including Judah and Levi, right after Jesus’ 2nd coming.]  “And God heard the voice of the lad; and the angel of God” now this is not “the angel of the LORD” that came to Hagar back in chapter 16, this is now “the angel of God,” “called to Hagar out of heaven, and said unto her, What aileth thee, Hagar? fear not; for God hath heard the voice of the lad where he is.” (verse 17) ‘Heaven is aware that something is ailing you, heaven is not unaware of your pain, Hagar.’  Before she can answer, “fear not; for God hath heard the voice of the lad where he is.”--a bowshot away from you.’  God hath heard the voice of the lad, now notice the angel saying ‘God hath heard.’  The angel of the LORD said to her back in chapter 16 ‘I have heard.’  Now this is not a theophany, this is an angel, from heaven, of God.  It says ‘God has heard the voice of the lad.’  “Arise, lift up the lad, and hold him in thine hand; for I will make him a great nation.” (verse 18) and notice this, “And God opened her eyes, and she saw a well of water; and she went, and filled the bottle with water, and gave the lad drink.” (verse 19)  She could find no hope until God opened her eyes.  The circumstances where exactly the same, nothing was different, in the exact same circumstance it says God opened her eyes, and she saw something that was there all along.  It doesn’t say God miraculously made a well and stuck it there.  It says God opened her eyes and allowed her to see something, it had been there.  It had been waiting.  It had been providing what was needed for sustenance, for rejuvenation, for life.  And the lad is crying out to God, and heaven responds.  Heaven is aware of every injustice, every mom that’s sent out, every single mom that’s put in a situation she doesn’t want to be in, every boy that grows up without a father, Jesus knows that well, in a sense.  Mary was a single mom for years.  Please know, he hears your heart, he hears you voice, your complaint, your pain, he knows, heaven knows.  And God sustains, she opens her eyes and she saw a well, with the encouragement and the assistance of heaven.  God was gracious, she saw a well, she went and filled the bottle, she gave it to the lad, “And God was with the lad; and he grew, and dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer.  And he dwelt in the wilderness of Paran:  and his mother took him a wife out of the land of Egypt.” (verses 20-21) northern part of Saudi Arabia, in the desert, “and his mother took him a wife out of the land of Egypt” from her own homeland.  [So the Ishmaelites are ¼ from Abraham and ¾ from Egyptian stock.] 

 

Abimelech Is Concerned About How Powerful Abraham’s God Is

 

“And it came to pass at that time, that Abimelech and Phicol the chief captain of his host spake unto Abraham, saying, God is with thee in all that thou doest:” (verse 22)  Now we assume this is the same Abimelech, because there hasn’t been a lot of time that’s gone by, it could be a different Abimelech, that’s the title.  Now Abimelech must be thinking, this guy’s God smokes Sodom and Gomorrah, this guy’s God protects his wife, afflicts me with a disease in my house, heals me when he prays, gives this guy a kid when he’s 100 and his wife is 90, everything this guy does God touches him, I need to be friends with this guy.  “God is with thee in all that thou doest:  now therefore swear unto me here by God that thou wilt not deal falsely with me,” like you did in chapter 20, “nor with my son, nor with my son’s son:  but according to thy kindness that I have done unto thee, thou shalt do unto me, and to the land wherein thou hast sojourned.” (verses 22b-23)  “And Abraham said, I will swear.” (verse 24) ‘I will promise, equity, to treat him fairly.’  Now Abraham though took the opportunity, now that he had Abimelech saying ‘Come and make an oath with me,’ Abraham’s going to say ‘Let me pick a bone first.’  “And Abraham reproved Abimelech because of a well of water, which Abimelech’s servants had violently taken away.” (verse 25)  Now in that part of the world, a well is a big deal.  Any source of water is a huge deal.  Abraham had graciously looked past that, remember, he took his 318 armed servants and slaughtered Chedorlaomer and the five kings from the north in great victory, and yet there was none of that towards Abimelech [and Abimelech was probably aware of that victory also, and that the God of Abraham gave him that victory over overwhelming odds, so he really wants peace between himself and Abraham].  He was gracious, he looked past this, but he was going say to him now, ‘OK, let’s make a deal, let’s make peace, but I want that well back again.’  “And Abimelech said, I wot not who hath done this thing:  neither didst thou tell me, neither yet heard I of it, but to day.” (verse 26)  ‘This is a shock to me, I didn’t know anything about it.’  “And Abraham took sheep and oxen, and gave them unto Abimelech; and both of them made a covenant.  And Abraham set seven ewe lambs of the flock by themselves.  And Abimelech said unto Abraham, What mean these seven ewe lambs which thou hast set by themselves?  And he said, For these seven ewe lambs shalt thou take of my hand, that they may be a witness unto me, that I have digged this well.” (verses 27-29) ‘you take these as a signature and a witness of the fact that I’m the one, myself and my servants that dug this well.’  “Wherefore he called that place Beersheba; because there they sware both of them.” (verse 30)  Beersheba means “the well of the oath,” they made an oath there, so they called it Beersheba, “Wherefore he called that place Beersheba; because there they sware both of them.  Thus they made a covenant at Beersheba:  then Abimelech rose up, and Phicol the chief captain of his host, and they returned into the land of the Philistines.” (verses 30-32)  Now it’s going to say this, the land of the Philistines, archeologists kind of grapple with this a little bit, because the Phoenicians, as properly the Philistines won’t come for a few centuries after this.  [Pastor Joe is a little mistaken, the Philistines were an entirely different race from the actual Phoenicians.  They were in reality a mixed race of warriors settling in the southern cities of what became Judah, Gaza, Ashkelon, Ekron and two other cities.  The Phoenicians, a mercantile seafaring people were mainly headquartered in the two major cities of Tyre and Sidon just to the north of Israel.  They first formed an alliance with king David, through Hiram their king, and that alliance was passed on to Solomon, and then to the ten northern tribes of Israel when they split off of Solomon’s kingdom during the reign of his son Rehoboam.  The Israelites never had a military problem with the Phoenicians, but they did end up having a religious problem with them (cf Jezebel and Ahab  see https://unityinchrist.com/kings/1.html).]  There are some records there was early trading with the ancestors of the Phoenicians.  But Moses’ writing calls this territory, so that his readers will evidently understand, the area of the Philistines, which will be after this.  But it gives them the location and the country.  “And Abraham planted a grove in Beersheba, and called there on the name of the LORD, the everlasting God.” (verse 33)  the Everlasting God, “El Olam” is the first time we have in the Bible, the Everlasting God.  He had called on El Shaddai, the Almighty God, and now at 100 years old, or 103, he appreciates the Everlasting God a little bit more, no doubt, who had made this covenant with him so long ago.  He plants a grove there.  The Hebrew word indicates a certain Tamarisk tree there, there are 12 species of Tamarisk trees in Israel.  Abraham, like Johnny Appleseed is down there, he likes the desert, but he likes the shade too.  So down at Beersheba in the desert he plants this grove of Tamarisk trees, and they’re all over that part of the country still.  They’re throughout Israel, but there are groves of Tamarisk trees there in the south.  He plants a grove in Beersheba, and he worships there, he calls on the name of the LORD, “And Abraham sojourned in the Philistines’ land many days.” (verse 34) 

 

In closing

 

We’re going to find he’s there probably 27 to 30 quiet years.  The next time God speaks to him is going to be 27 to 30 years after this, he’s going to live there, raise Isaac, Isaac’s going to be 30, 33 years old, Abraham’s going to look at him and wonder, ‘This is the promised seed, what are you going to do with his life?’ All of the things that you said to me, unbelievable, here I am at 133, I feel great, Sarah’s 123 she’s still a fox, LORD you’re so gracious.’  And all of a sudden God’s going to speak to him and say ‘Abraham, take thy son, thine only son whom thou lovest, and bring him to a mountain that I will tell you of, and offer him there as a burnt offering unto me.’  Imagine hearing that, after 30 years of silence, living quietly, worshipping the Everlasting God.  And it’s going to say again, Abraham rose up early.  The next chapter is the first time that you have the word “love” in the Bible, the first time you have the word “worship” in the Bible, the first time you have the word “lamb” in the Bible, the first time that you have “son” in the Bible.  It’s a very interesting chapter.  First time you have the word “lamb,” and it’s ‘father here’s the fire, here’s the wood, where’s the lamb?’  It’s answered in the New Testament with the first time you have the word “lamb” is ‘Behold, the lamb of God that takes away the sin of the world.’  When you read through chapter 22, realize that God is allowing Abraham to sense something from the Father’s point of view.  And we’ll talk about that next week.  What did it cost the Father as Gethsemane, through the Passion, through the scourging, to restrain himself, to remain silent, to watch.  Abraham is allowed to touch some of his emotion, to enter into a place that had been established before the foundation of the world.  Not evolving in his lifetime.  The mountain that he will go to is Calvary, the revelation that he will have is of a father sacrificing his son.  And I can’t read it without getting wiped out.  Remarkable, remarkable chapter.  So read ahead, next week, and some amazing things you want to take note of here.  Abraham and Isaac go, it tells us in Hebrews 11 that Abraham had enough faith that he realized that if it was necessary God would even raise Isaac up from the dead.  What it doesn’t tell you is that it insinuates that Abraham had enough faith that if it was necessary God would raise Isaac from the ashes, because he was going to be a burnt offering.  Now that’s faith.  Abraham comes back again, we don’t see Isaac.  The next thing we see is Abraham sending his servant, “Eleazar,” which means “the comforter,” to get a bride for his son.  Sound like a familiar story, God the Father sending the Comforter to get a Bride for his Son?  And the next time we find Isaac is when Eleazar is bringing Rebekah, and she falls off her camel when she sees Isaac, he’s a good looking guy.  The next time we see the Son, after the mount of crucifixion, is when the Holy Spirit is bringing the Bride to Him.  Very interesting picture.  Read ahead.  Let’s stand, let’s pray, let’s sing the last song together.  And a great time this evening just to say ‘LORD, I appreciate the honesty that you put men and women in front of us.’  You know tonight might be your night to say ‘You know I fall back into the same thing, I think I’m never going to do again,’ or you might say ‘Here I am a single mom, and I just need to be reminded that heaven is aware, and providing a well.’  ‘Or Lord, I grew up without a dad, forced out, and in all my complaining, all of my bitterness, all my struggle, Lord you’re hearing my voice, just like you heard Ishmael, even in the desert.’  Or maybe it’s your night to say ‘You know I don’t know this God and I want to know this God, I need forgiveness of sin, and I don’t want to die alone in the dark, to face the possibility of heaven and hell and eternity without knowing this God’s forgiveness.’  And if you know you need to be saved tonight, as we lift our voices and our hearts, we want you to feel free to come, just stand here with others, we’ll give you a Bible, some literature, we don’t want your phone number or address or offering envelopes or anything, if you just know tonight ‘You know, I don’t want to play church, I don’t want to play religion, but I want to know this God, and I want to know that he loves me, that he sent his Son to die for me, I’m a sinner, I need that forgiveness, but I’m willing to turn from all my emptiness and phoniness, and I’m willing to turn to him, tonight, I want to be his son or to be his daughter.’  If that’s your heart, as we lift our voices, as we worship, feel free to come.  But we are going to lift our own lives, believe me I’m going to be saying ‘Lord, I don’t want to fall back into the same old things, I’m thankful that you love me, bail me out, that you’ll get Abimelech if he messes with me, but Lord let me get past, let me grow.’…[transcript of a connective expository sermon on Genesis 20:1-18 and Genesis 21:1-34, given by Pastor Joe Focht, Calvary Chapel of Philadelphia, 13500 Philmont Avenue, Philadelphia, PA  19116]

 

related links:

 

The Phoenicians, a mercantile seafaring people were mainly headquartered in the two major cities of Tyre and Sidon just to the north of Israel.  They first formed an alliance with king David, through Hiram their king, and that alliance was passed on to Solomon, and then to the ten northern tribes of Israel when they split off of Solomon’s kingdom during the reign of his son Rehoboam.  The Israelites never had a military problem with the Phoenicians, but they did end up having a religious problem with them, cf Jezebel and Ahab  see https://unityinchrist.com/kings/1.html  

                    

Audio version: https://resources.ccphilly.org/detail.asp?TopicID=&Teaching=WED530    



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